What Is Polyamide? Nylon Types and Material Selection

Updated October 2026 Polyamide is a family of polymers whose chains contain amide bonds. Nylon is its best-known synthetic member. PA6 and PA66 are common engineering choices; PA11 and PA12 are good choices when consideration must be given to moisture-related…
Electrical Discharge Machining: How It Works and When to Use It

Updated October 2026 Quick Specs Workpiece: electrically conductive material. Removal mechanism: controlled sparks across a dielectric-filled gap. Common routes: sinker cavities, wire-cut through-profiles and drilled holes. Acceptance: dimensional tolerance, surface texture and metallurgical condition are separate requirements. Electrical discharge machining…
ABS Plastic Properties, Grades and Machining Considerations

ABS plastic is a tough, machinable thermoplastic used for housings, prototypes and molded components. Its strength is in the combination of impact resistance and stiffness, and a surface that’s ready for further fabrication. Selecting it starts with the grade and…
What Is Fiberglass? Composition, Types and Material Properties

Updated October 2026 · By Zhenling Metal Fiberglass takes the form of glass drawn into very thin fibers. When used to describe manufactured parts, it generally means the fibers are combined with a polymer resin to form a glass-reinforced composite.…
Circular Runout vs Total Runout: What Each Control Covers

Circular runout checks individual circular elements. Total runout assesses the indicated surface as a whole against a datum axis. The practical difference in runout vs total runout is whether sections can pass as the surface changes along its length. Both…
Profile of a Surface in GD&T: Zone Definition, Datums and Complex Geometry

Quick specs Control: three-dimensional surface geometry. Specified value: total tolerance-zone width. Nominal reference: theoretically exact geometry defined by the drawing or authoritative model. Inspection inputs: surface extent, datum constraints, sampling and evaluation method. A profile of a surface can reject…
Flatness vs Straightness: Tolerance Zones, Features and Inspection Choices

The practical difference between flatness and straightness is the feature being controlled. Identify a line, derived axis, or full face for a flatness vs straightness decision. A plate may pass a straight-line check in two directions and still be twisted.…
ASME Y14.5 vs ISO 1101: How to Keep GD&T Rule Sets Separate

ASME Y14.5 vs ISO 1101 is a comparison of different scopes: Y14.5 sets broad dimensioning rules, while ISO 1101 belongs to a larger GPS system. In both cases, go by the governing edition, and vet each of the affected requirements…
GD&T Inspection Methods: Datum Setup, Measurement Access and Evidence Planning

GD&T inspection checks a part’s conformance to the geometric requirements on the drawing with an appropriate datum setup, measurement method, and evaluation. Reports are useful when each result is linked to a specific characteristic and its limits. The type of…
Engineering Drawing Tolerances: Limits, Fits, General Notes and GD&T Boundaries

Engineering Drawing Tolerances: 4 Controls Explained Updated October 2026 Quick Specs Scope: machined-part drawing interpretation. Example units: millimeters. Check: drawing revision, individual limits, general notes and invoked standard. Teaching examples don’t establish supplier capability. Engineering drawing tolerances dictate the allowed…




